Order | Filed: September 10, 2026
| Entered: September 10, 2026
Toussaint et al v. Healthcare Association of New York State, Inc. et al
Other Statutory Actions | New York Eastern
Order to Show Cause
ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE: As defendants pointed out in their 106 reply in support of their motion for sanctions and their 113 letter to the Court, plaintiffs' briefs contain citations to cases that do not exist and quotations that do not exist in the cases they attribute those quotations to. The Court has identified the following issues in plaintiffs' [107-4] and [109-3] oppositions to defendants' motions to dismiss and plaintiffs' 105 opposition to defendants' motion for sanctions:
Citations to the following cases that do not appear to exist: Citizens Bank, N.A. v. Reimbursement Techs., Inc., 458 F. Supp. 3d 136 (E.D.N.Y. 2020); Association v. Secretary of Labor, 727 F.2d 415 (5th Cir. 1984); Abdul-Rahman v. City of New York, 705 F. App'x 49 (2d Cir. 2017); Mason Tenders Dist. Council v. Phase Constr. Servs., 318 F. Supp. 2d 400 (S.D.N.Y. 2004); Parker v. City of New York, No. 15-CV-6733, 2018 WL 4119186 (E.D.N.Y. Aug. 29, 2018); Rodriguez v. City of New York, 197 F. Supp. 3d 611 (S.D.N.Y. 2016); Cortlandt St. Recovery Corp. v. Bonderman, 221 A.D.3d 425 (1st Dep't 2024); Marino v. Classic Auto Refinishing, Inc., 765 F. Supp. 2d 316 (E.D.N.Y. 2011); Knitting Fever, Inc. v. Coats Holding Ltd., 2012 WL 6042713 (E.D.N.Y. Dec. 4, 2012).
Quotations attributed to the following cases that do not appear in those cases: Eisemann v. Greene, 204 F.3d 393 (2d Cir. 2000); Compagnie Financiere de CIC et de L'Union Europeenne v. Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc., 232 F.3d 153 (2d Cir. 2000); Skinner v. Switzer, 562 U.S. 521 (2011); Arista Records Ltd. Liab. Co. v. Doe, 604 F.3d 110 (2d Cir. 2010); United States v. Alpers, 338 U.S. 680 (1950); Gade v. Nat'l Solid Wastes Mgmt. Ass'n, 505 U.S. 88 (1992); Federal Express Corp. v. Holowecki, 552 U.S. 389 (2008); United States v. Ballard, 322 U.S. 78 (1944); Cort v. Ash, 422 U.S. 66 (1975); Wyandotte Transp. Co. v. United States, 389 U.S. 191 (1967); Transamerica Mortgage Advisors, Inc. v. Lewis, 444 U.S. 11 (1979); Health & Hosp. Corp. of Marion Cnty. v. Talevski, 599 U.S. 166 (2023); Davis v. Passman, 442 U.S. 228 (1979); Collins v. Womancare, Inc., 878 F.2d 1145 (9th Cir. 1989); Caridad v. Metro-North Commuter R.R., 191 F.3d 283 (2d Cir. 1999); Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A. v. Celotex Corp., 56 F.3d 343 (2d Cir. 1995); Barrow v. Wethersfield Police Dep't, 66 F.3d 466 (2d Cir. 1995); New York State Teamsters Conf. Pension & Ret. Fund v. Express Servs., Inc., 426 F.3d 640 (2d Cir. 2005); Bing v. Thunig, 2 N.Y.2d 656 (1958); Arculeo v. On-Site Sales & Mktg., LLC, 425 F.3d 193 (2d Cir. 2005); Velez v. Novartis Pharm. Corp., 244 F.R.D. 243 (S.D.N.Y. 2007); Herman v. RSR Sec. Servs. Ltd., 172 F.3d 132 (2d Cir. 1999); Eastway Constr. Corp. v. New York, 762 F.2d 243 (2d Cir 1985); Gutierrez v. Fox, 141 F.3d 425 (2d Cir 1998); MacDraw, Inc. v. CIT Group Equip. Fin., 73 F.3d 1253 (2d Cir. 1996); Storey v. Cello Holdings, L.L.C., 347 F.3d 370 (2d Cir 2003); O'Brien v. Alexander, 101 F.3d 1479 (2d Cir. 1996); Kiobel v. Millson, 592 F.3d 78 (2d Cir 2010); Safe-Strap Co. v. Koala Corp., 270 F. Supp. 2d 407 (S.D.N.Y. 2003); Schlaifer Nance & Co. v. Estate of Warhol, 194 F.3d 323 (2d Cir 1999); Knestrick v. IBM, 945 F. Supp. 1080 (E.D. Mich. 1996).
Plaintiffs' attorney Jo Saint-George is ordered (1) to provide true and accurate copies of the cases that do not appear to exist and (2) to account for the apparently incorrect quotations by 9/24/2026. If Ms. Saint-George is unable to do so, then she shall show cause in writing by the same date why she should not be sanctioned pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 11(b) and the inherent power of the Court for citing non-existent cases in filings to the Court. See Mata v. Avianca, Inc., 678 F. Supp. 3d 443 (S.D.N.Y. 2023); Ramirez v. Humala, No. 24-CV-242 (RPK) (JAM), 2025 WL 1384161 (E.D.N.Y. May 13, 2025); Wadsworth v. Walmart Inc., No. 23-CV-118 (KHR), 2025 WL 608073 (D. Wyo. Feb. 24, 2025). Ms. Saint-George's written submission shall take the form of a sworn declaration and must provide a thorough explanation for how plaintiffs' oppositions to defendants' motion... (truncated)